Zemlyanoy Val in Moscow (Russian: Земляной вал) is a line of
fortifications that existed on the site of the present Garden Ring from
1593 to 1830. It served as the boundary of Zemlyanoy Gorod and defended
it from external attacks. It was first built from 1592 to 1593 under
Feodor I of Russia and covered only the northern part of the city,
without Zamoskvorechye. It represented an earthen rampart with a moat in
front and wooden fortifications. The fortifications were burned by the
Poles in 1611. It was renewed and elongated from 1638 to 1641. Under
Alexis of Russia, it also defended Zamoskvorechye. Zemlyanoy Val was
dismantled at the end of the 18th century on the orders of Zakhar
Chernyshyov.
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